快速反射镜（Fast Steering Mirror，FSM）是高精密光学系统中的关键仪器，基于音圈电机（Voice Coil Actuator，VCA）驱动的柔性支撑FSM存在复杂耦合特性，导致系统模型复杂并严重影响系统的控制性能，对于该问题，本文提出了一种基于系统辨识与模型降阶的双轴积分增广滑模控制方法。首先，采用基于脉冲响应的Hankel矩阵系统辨识方法建立VCA-FSM的精确耦合模型；随后，基于平衡实现与平衡截断，在保证模型精度的前提下对所建立的高阶模型进行降阶；其次，基于降阶模型，采用现代控制理论方法设计积分增广滑模控制器，通过设计状态观测器构造滑模切换函数与控制律，并在控制设计中改进符号函数以消除滑模抖振；最后，基于VCA-FSM伺服控制系统实验平台，开展频域与时域性能测试实验。实验结果表明：本文所提控制方法相较于单轴滑模、PID控制方法，系统的闭环跟踪带宽分别提高了约50.3%，251.3%，扰动抑制带宽分别提高了约39.9%，451.9%，阶跃响应调节时间分别缩短了约29.7%，97.7%，螺旋线跟踪精度分别提高了约48.5%，97.8%，且实现了对存在强耦合特性VCA-FSM的解耦控制。本文所提控制方法充分提高了VCA-FSM的控制性能。

Temperature sensing is essential for human health monitoring. High-sensitivity (>1nm/°C) fiber sensors always require long interference paths and temperature-sensitive materials, leading to a long sensor and thus slow response (6–14 s). To date, it is still challenging for a fiber optic temperature sensor to have an ultrafast (∼ms) response simultaneously with high sensitivity. Here, a side-polished single-mode/hollow/single-mode fiber (SP-SHSF) structure is proposed to meet the challenge by using the length-independent sensitivity of an anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide mechanism. With a polydimethylsiloxane filled sub-nanoliter volume cavity in the SP-SHSF, the SP-SHSF exhibits a high temperature sensitivity of 4.223 nm/°C with a compact length of 1.6 mm, allowing an ultrafast response (16 ms) and fast recovery time (176 ms). The figure of merit (FOM), defined as the absolute ratio of sensitivity to response time, is proposed to assess the comprehensive performance of the sensor. The FOM of the proposed sensor reaches up to 263.94(nm/°C)/s, which is more than two to three orders of magnitude higher than those of other temperature fiber optic sensors reported previously. Additionally, a three-month cycle test shows that the sensor is highly robust, with excellent reversibility and accuracy, allowing it to be incorporated with a wearable face mask for detecting temperature changes during human breathing. The high FOM and high stability of the proposed sensing fiber structure provide an excellent opportunity to develop both ultrafast and highly sensitive fiber optic sensors for wearable respiratory monitoring and contactless in vitro detection.

光电编码器检测系统的误差主要受基准光电编码器测角误差、数据采集误差、检测系统同轴误差影响。其中，基准光电编码器的测角误差可进行补偿。因此设计了一种基于极度梯度提升树（extreme gradient boosting，XGBoost）机器学习的算法用来补偿基准光电编码器的误差。经该算法补偿后，静态精度提高了35倍，标准差由3.62″减小至0.13″，最大误差值由5.53″降低至0.39″。与传统的误差反传（back progagation，BP）神经网络算法以及径向基函数（radial basis function，RBF）神经网络算法补偿效果相比，XGBoost的补偿效果更优。XGBoost机器学习算法有效降低了基准光电编码器的测量误差，提高了光电编码器检测系统的检测精度。

微透镜阵列在光束匀化、波前测量、集成成像等领域有广泛应用。设计了一种基于光学胶膜(Optically Clear Adhesive, OCA)的液体可变焦微透镜阵列。采用矩形排列的硅微孔阵列控制单个透镜的孔径和排布，并以OCA光学胶膜和去离子水作为微透镜阵列的塑形材料。通过调整微流体腔内液体注入的体积实现对透镜焦距从1.46~10.44 mm的调整。依据聚焦与成像实验证实了微透镜阵列具有良好的均匀性。最后，将该微透镜阵列应用于激光光束匀化整形，通过一对微透镜阵列实现了光束匀化整形。进一步通过固定一对微透镜阵列的间距实现匀化光斑尺寸在7.2~8.4 mm内可调，为匀化光斑尺寸可调提供了新思路。

Opto-conveyors have attracted widespread interest in various fields because of their non-invasive and non-contact delivery of micro/nanoparticles. However, the flexible control of the delivery distance and the dynamic steering of the delivery direction, although very desirable in all-optical manipulation, have not yet been achieved by opto-conveyors. Here, using a simple and cost-effective scheme of an elliptically focused laser beam obliquely irradiated on a substrate, a direction-steerable and distance-controllable opto-conveyor for the targeting delivery of microparticles is implemented. Theoretically, in the proposed scheme of the opto-conveyor, the transverse and longitudinal resultant forces of the optical gradient force and the optical scattering force result in the transverse confinement and the longitudinal transportation of microparticles, respectively. In this study, it is experimentally shown that the proposed opto-conveyor is capable of realizing the targeting delivery for microparticles. Additionally, the delivery distance of microparticles can be flexibly and precisely controlled by simply adjusting the irradiation time. By simply rotating the cylindrical lens, the proposed opto-conveyor is capable of steering the delivery direction flexibly within a large range of azimuthal angles, from ?75° to 75°. This study also successfully demonstrated the real-time dynamic steering of the delivery direction from ?45° to 45° with the dynamical rotation of the cylindrical lens. Owing to its simplicity, flexibility, and controllability, the proposed method is capable of creating new opportunities in bioassays as well as in drug delivery.